Vitamin D, blood levels

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Vitamin D into the body

D3 (cholecalciferol), sun, animals or supplement

D2 (ergocalciferol), plants, supplements

Pathway

In the skin

Vitamin D, cholecalciferol, synthesised in the skin

In the liver

Converted to its major circulating form, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)

Calcifediol

In the kidneys

Converted into 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, or calcitriol, the principal active hormonal form of vitamin D

Vitamin D in the blood

25 hydroxy vitamin D

25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD)

Calcifediol

Circulating concentration of 25OHD is the accepted biomarker for vitamin D status

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003569.htm

Many experts recommend a level between 20 and 40 ng/mL (50 to 100 nmol/L)

Others recommend a level between 30 and 50 ng/mL (75 to 125 nmol/L)

Some say higher

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/dm/2015/864370/

Serum concentrations, units

Nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL)

(1000 ng = 1 microgram)

Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)

1 ng/mL is equal to 2.5 nmol/L

Supplements

Micrograms

International units

400 IU = 10 mcg

1,000 IU = 25 mcg

2,000 IU = 50 mcg

4,000 IU = 100 mcg

How much to take in Winter?

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitamins-and-minerals/vitamin-d/

Do not take more than 100 micrograms (4,000 IU) of vitamin D a day (11 years to adults)

Children aged 1 to 10 years should not have more than 50 micrograms (2,000 IU) a day.

Infants under 12 months should not have more than 25 micrograms (1,000 IU) a day.

Prostate cancer

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1472821/

Colon cancer

https://www.dana-farber.org/newsroom/news-releases/2019/high-dose-vitamin-d-shows-benefit-in-patients-with-advanced-colorectal-cancer/

Breast cancer

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5802611/

Multiple sclerosis

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5990512/

Heart disease

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851242/

Immunity

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3166406/

Autoimmunity

https://ard.bmj.com/content/70/9/1569

Diabetes

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32080077/

Chronic pain and sleep

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22699141/

Depression

https://www.jneuropsychiatry.org/peer-review/depression-and-vitamin-d-deficiency-causality-assessment-and-clinical-practice-implications-12051.html

Cytokine storm

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.08.20058578v4

COVID

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/people-at-higher-risk/get-vitamin-d-supplements/

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